For 20 years I had a nightmare almost every night. Sometimes it
disappeared for two or three weeks and then returned with renewed force:
In the center of the city where I was born, I walk into an old
and very familiar house. Up to the age of six, when my father died, he
often took me there to visit his friend, an old man, a tailor called
Katz, and his daughter Veronika, who was also my age. I walk up the
spiral staircase and with my right hand I hold fast to the wrought-iron
banister. The stairwell has no windows and is badly lit. I climb up –
higher and higher. Just before I reach the sixth floor, the staircase
breaks. I fall into the depths, into the darkness, into an abyss. My
heart is beating frantically. I know that within seconds I will crash
onto the stone floor and be dead. Just before this happens I wake up and
am exhausted with fear.
This nightmare never returned from the moment that I was
able to say loud: "My father was a Jew." That was twenty years after his
death. The road to that sentence had been long and painful. My father
survived the Nazis in hiding. He never spoke to me about this period of
his life. And the feeling of having to be in hiding never left him.
Without knowing it, I imbibed all his fears, and they poisoned my life.
His indirect messages told me:
YOU ARE MY ONE AND ONLY – YOU ARE MY LIFE
BE VERY GOOD – BE ABOVE AVERAGE; BUT NEVER BE CONSPICUOUS: THAT
IS DANGEROUS.
And there was the unspoken message, never to talk about
"THAT", not even within the family. He never told me he was Jewish. It
was not to be talked about, but for me the subject was ever-present.
There was one place – an island – on which the unbearable wounds
could be laid bare about, although often enough they were only
insinuated: It was Mr. Katz’ flat where my father met with other
survivors. I knew them as Uncle Paul, Uncle Gerhard, Uncle Alfred, and
others. Regularly Veronika and I sat between them. Our fathers and the
other men were convinced that "the children don‘t understand". But I
took it all in: before I had ever heard the word I knew what
deportations were. One of Uncle Paul’s stories I never forgot: He had
been in Auschwitz. Every morning the prisoners had to line up to be
counted. At various places the snow was yellow with the frozen urine
spilt at night by those who had not managed to get to the latrine in
time. The count decided on who was to chew off the yellow bits of the
snow and swallow it so that it became white again. "Ordnung muss sein!".
Order had to be maintained.
Veronika and I sat crouched under the table where we were
expected to play and held each others hands in silence. The world of our
fathers enveloped us and yet it was far away. I had a feeling of
everything being unreal. The whole world was alien and hostile. I froze
up inside. Death breathed from every corner. This room was home for the
many dead who had not returned. Here, these men set up the grave-stones
of memory and took them with them when they left. In my memory, Mr.
Katz’s flat was gloomy, oppressive and dark. Years later I accompanied a
girl-friend to a pleasant, light and large flat in which a doctor had
set up his practice. It was the self-same flat that had once belonged to
Mr. Katz.
It is from this period that I also remember warmth, security and
belonging, celebrating, and joking. They had been rescued! I also
remember various melodies and moods of a synagogue. It was so different
to when my father once showed me a church where a mass was taking place.
Here I was not allowed to put questions or run around. I was urged to
keep still. People looked at me disapprovingly. I did not know why. I
was happy that we did not stay long.
Every evening, my father told me "invented" stories. My mother
said that only his sudden and unexpected death prevented him from
writing a book of fairy tales that would made him famous. Later I
discovered that many of "his" inventions came from Jewish tradition.
Later I found these stories of my childhood in bookshops under the
heading: "Jewish legends".
When my father died, I fell into a bottomless pit and off the
earth I felt left completely alone in the darkness of outer space.
Losing him, I also lost the Jewish world and the contact to his friends.
Once, I saw one of them coming towards me on the street on my way to
school. Before I could run up to him he had crossed the road. At about
the same time, my favorite girl-friend, Veronika, disappeared from my
life. Her mother and another man suddenly took her behind the Iron
Curtain into the Eastern Zone of Germany where they had come from
originally.
My mother was so preoccupied with her own mourning that she had
no time for mine. Besides, she had never shared our world. She did not
belong. I felt very guilty, because I felt her to be a stranger and
wished that she had died instead of my father.
After school I had to go to a daily "afternoon-group". For a
short time Tamara, a Jewish girl, also went there. Inexplicably - I
could never put it into words –I felt her to be both extremely familiar
and very alien. Tamara did not stay long because her parents objected to
her eating the pork served to there and the teachers of that group
refused to make an exception.
The Jewish world was buried, deep inside – a ghetto in me. I
knew it was there, but it had no name, no language, let alone
possibilities of expression. Every day I spent hours day-dreaming about
my father.
My mother had fallen in love with a colleague who shifted in
with us a few months later. I did not like Uncle Ernst and even less
when I had to call him "Papa". He was tall and athletic, had cold blue
eyes and had a right-wing position not only in his former handball team.
His favorite subject was the war and his heroic deeds in the SS. They
had been honorable men and had always behaved correctly and decently, he
always told me. Even the Americans had said to him after the war:
"Ernst, you‘re OK" and denazified him quickly. Today I suspect they
needed him because of his qualification.
"We are raped women?" he used to thunder. All lies! Those women
threw themselves at him, he said. He couldn’t get out of their way, they
were so keen on him there, where he was: a guard at the IG Farben
factory making sure that they worked properly. "That school is teaching
you a whole lot of lies" was the regular end of his tirades. There had
been no concentration camps, he claimed. "All lies". There had been work
camps but only for criminals. Under Adolf everything had been better.
The autobahns had been built and the young people were given something
to do. "There were no long-haired loungers on the street smoking
hashish, making a row and listening to jungle music."
My mouth went dry. I thought of Uncle Paul. What stage was I on?
I could not bring these two worlds together. Was I going crazy? There
was no-one I could talk to. Although I had kept a diary since I was
eleven, I had no words to describe this experience of falling apart and
dissolving.
I sought a niche in the Protestant Church, and took an interest
in Christianity. Though I was older than the others.the clergyman
suggested I attend his class preparing children for their confirmation.
As he was very attentive and friendly I tried to talk to him. He did his
best, but he found no access to my world. A week before the confirmation
he asked all the children how many family members would be coming to the
celebration so that the appropriate number of seats could be reserved in
the church. All those who answered before me seemed to be coming with
masses of aunts, uncles, cousins, etc. I knew that I could not keep up
with them. Inexorably, it became my turn to answer the question: "And
how many people are you bringing?" All eyes turned to me. "Two," I said
hesitantly. Some laughed, others raised their eyebrows. "How many?" The
question was repeated with astonishment. "Two." "Who?" "My mother and
grandma." "Is that all your family is?" "Yes." I did not want to tell
them that my mother did not speak to her sister. "Oh well, all the
better. Then there is more room for the others." That statement hit me
below the belt. That’s exactly what Hitler wanted. I froze up and fell
into an inner abyss. I obviously lived in a very different world to
those around me. On my father’s side, one uncle had survived, but he had
died before my birth. I had always suffered through the lack of my
relatives.
In the mid-seventies I came across the first books for young
people that tried to deal with the Nazi period. Many of the scenes
described were familiar to me. Later, I read Helen Epstein’s "Children
of the Holocaust" and William Niederland’s "The Survivor Syndrome". They
caused inner landslides which I had to dig myself out off; and later
these books helped me to sort out my problems.
I also turned to the Jewish Community. Maybe someone would know
something about my father’s family? Perhaps papers were still? Maybe I
could find out something about my relatives? I had hopes of finding
support and help there, although I had no idea in what way. The response
was a mixture of helplessness and icy rejection. I realized very quickly
that here, too, there was a strict hierarchy: Right at the top were
those who had two Jewish parents. Next came those with a Jewish mother
and they were followed by the converts. Right at the bottom of the
ladder were those with Jewish fathers. I had no chance. However, I
wanted to learn to deal with my family history and hoped to find room to
do this in the Community. That is why I went to a discussion group by a
rabbi held regularly. Five people were there. Two of us were new – a man
and I. The rabbi was friendly to him, asked his name, where he came from
and what he wanted. For some 15 minutes he was allowed to tell his
story: two months ago he had been a Hindu, last month a Muslim and this
week he wanted to become a Jew so that he could experience the
universality of the religions. When it was my turn, the rabbi simply
nodded briefly. The lecture he then held was quite interesting. But when
he described the children of Jewish fathers as "bastards that we have
more than enough of," I gave up.
I worked as a volunteer in a youth center in Switzerland. The
synagogue and the Jewish Community center were opposite. Many memories
flooded back. Where could I find a place for myself? Several months
later I went to Paris for a few weeks. The Jewish quarter was just
around the corner. Again and again, I experienced the extremes of strong
familiarity and rejection. I wanted to buy some cards for Rosh Ha
Schanah in a book shop. When the obviously Jewish owner heard me
speaking French with a German accent he screamed that he would not sell
such cards to Germans and threw me out of the shop. At home again, I
cried for days on end. The only feeling I had was pain and that I was
bleeding to death. Phases like this occurred again and again. I tried to
put all my anger and desperation in my diary and summed up my experience
and came to the defiant conclusion: "I don’t need a Jewish identity!"
I was in a deep depression. I felt badly treated. Although I
Jews didn’t accept me as one of them, I often enough cowered under
anti-Semitic blows. I became the head of a local community center. The
young people noticed that they could put questions to me about the Nazi
period, which they were not allowed to put at home. Some who knew me
better, knew that my father was Jewish. Ulli was one of them. His group
wanted to organize a disco, but there was no room available at such
short notice. Ulli blamed me. He was furious and shouted: "They
obviously forgot to put your old man into the gaschamber". Again I fell
into an abyss!
The Protestant Church’s Adult Education Center held a weekend
for those children of Jewish fathers who felt that they are Jews.
Unfortunately, I found out too late. The Jewish weekly newspaper
reported about this meeting heating upon it scorn and mockery. The
headline was: "Help, the Bastards are Coming."
I was 32 years old when I went to a concert given by an orthodox
rabbi who lived in the USA His songs moved me deeply and I was impressed
by the open-mindedness he showed on the stage. He had grown up in
Germany and represented for me my father’s spiritual world to which I
had lost contact. After the concert I was still inspired by the
atmosphere in this Jewish Community Center that I had not imagined
possible when I went up to him and thanked him. He asked if I am a
member of the Jewish Community. No, I said, my father was Jewish and in
this country that puts me into a very difficult situation. He seemed to
understand. He asked for my telephone number and invited me to take a
walk with him on the next day before leaving the city. He was the first
Jew I had met who accepted me as Jewish without reservations. "Being
Jewish is a question of what you feel in your heart," he told me. For
years I clung to this sentence and could not speak about the darker
sides of this encounter.
Namely: in the weeks that followed he rang me up several times
in the middle of the night with the apology that he could not sleep. He
was thinking of me, he told me, and wanted to know how I am. He
regretted that we could not see each other and only talk on the phone.
Suddenly the conversation took an unexpected turn and he began to
describe his sexual fantasies in great detail, his breathe quickening
when he spoke. When the orgasm came, he simply put down the phone
without even saying good-bye. I was paralyzed, shattered and beside
myself. During and after my studies some months before that experience I
had worked several years for a telephone lifeline. There I had had
encounters with sex phone-ins whose only aim was to keep the
conversation going until reaching orgasm. In a professional capacity I
had no problem understanding that this conversation had nothing to do
with me personally. However, in this private encounter with someone who
had at last accepted me as being Jewish, I did not manage to do so.
Although I felt guilty and ashamed at allowing myself to be used in this
way, I clung for years to the comfort of him accepting me as Jewish.
In 1991 I shifted to Berlin. During the first few years I hid
myself, just as I had in the past and my father had always done. Only
three of the many Jews I knew, also knew that my father was Jewish and I
saw to it that those who didn’t know never met those who did. Now ,
however, I have been able to come out of me hiding and to tell my story.
I can see clearly than before that all Jews are challenged to face up to
what the Shoah has meant for their own lives.
In
Berlin there are a few groups on the periphery and outside of the Jewish
community which include numbers of people with Jewish fathers who feel
Jewish but are, like me, not accepted by official Jewish organizations;
and converting has been made impossible in this country except for a
privileged few. I have now found a place in several of these groups for
"If I am not for myself, who will be for me, and being for my own self,
what am I? And if not now, when?" (Hillel)
