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Bundesverband Informations-
und Beratungsstelle für NS-Verfolgte
Amerikanische und englische
Agenturen zur Ford-Klage
Associated Press
By JEFFREY GOLD (Associated Press Writer)
NEWARK, N.J. (AP) -- Elsa Iwanowa remembers German
troops taking her and 2,000 other children from their Russian village during
World War II and forcing them to build military trucks at a Ford plant in
Germany. Now living in Belgium, Iwanowa is seeking compensation for
suffering and unpaid labor from Ford Motor Co. The class-action lawsuit says
the automaker reaped "enormous profits" from the work performed for the
Nazis.
Iwanowa's lawsuit, believed to be the first of its kind
against a U.S.-based company, also alleges that senior Ford executives knew
that thousands of workers were being abused. The German plant "became an
eager, aggressive and successful bidder for forced laborers" after a Nazi
labor official encouraged German industries to use such workers to meet
quotas, according to the lawsuit filed Wednesday in U.S. District Court in
Newark.
Ford issued a statement acknowledging slave labor was
used at the plant. But it said historians who wrote a company history in the
1950s determined the company lost contact with its German operations before
the United States entered the war and only regained control seven years
later. Still, the company will look further into the allegations, Ford
corporate secretary John Rintamaki said.
Up to 10,000 men, women and children were pressed into
working at Ford Werke A.G. in Cologne during the war, said Melvyn Weiss, the
attorney who filed the lawsuit. He said the vast majority were non-German
and were not Jews.
The first forced labor brought to the plant were French
POWs in 1941, and by 1943 half the work force was slave labor, the suit
said. "By 1944 Russians, Ukrainians, Italians, and Belgian civilians, as
well as concentration camp inmates from Buchenwald, were laboring at Ford's
Cologne plant under utterly barbarous conditions," it said.
Laborers who became ill were sent to the Buchenwald
concentration camp and were replaced by other concentration camp inmates,
the lawsuit said. Workers who failed to meet production quotas were beaten
with rubber clubs and escape attempts were punished by execution or transfer
to Buchenwald, the suit said.
Ford Werke doubled its profits by 1943 because it did
not have to pay wages and eventually produced 60 percent of the 3-ton
tracked vehicles for the German forces, the lawsuit said. The lawsuit said a
"personal friendship" between Henry Ford and Adolf Hitler led to favorable
treatment of the company even after the United States entered the war.
"The plant was left unharmed. The person who Henry Ford put in as the head of
the plant stayed in," said Weiss, who also is involved in claims against
Swiss banks by Holocaust victims seeking assets seized by the Nazis.
He believes the lawsuit is the first to seek
compensation from an American company for alleged actions during the war.
The lawsuit so far has only one plaintiff: Iwanowa, of Antwerp, Belgium, who
said she was taken from her birthplace of Rostov, Russia, on Oct. 6, 1942,
with other youngsters. Others may join the suit. Eventually trucked to the
Ford Werke, the children slept in triple bunks without bedding and got two
meals a day. Until 1945, she drilled holes into motor blocks of military
trucks and did other heavy labor without pay, the lawsuit said. "The work
was extremely hard and I am still traumatized today," Iwanowa told the BBC
last month. "The foreman was like a wild animal."
Associated Press
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